The International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO-INTERPOL), better known as INTERPOL is an international organization that facilitates police cooperation worldwide and controls crime. Its Headquarters is located in Lyon, France, it has seven worldwide regional agencies and the National Central Bureau in all 194 member countries so it remains as the largest police organization in the world.
What is Interpol?
International Criminal Police Congress in 1914
The INTERPOL came into force from the International Criminal Police Congress in 1914, which brought officials from 24 countries to discuss cooperation in matters of law enforcement. The organization was founded in 1923 as the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), and adopted many of the current tasks throughout the 1930s. After coming under the control of the Nazis in 1938, the agency was effectively moribund until after the Second World War. In 1956, ICPC adopted a new constitution and INTERPOL name, derived from the telegraph address used since 1946.
Investigative support, expertise, and training of law enforcement
INTERPOL provides investigative support, expertise, and training of law enforcement around the world, with a focus on three key areas of transnational crime: terrorism, cybercrime, and organized crime. Its broad mandate includes almost every type of crime, including crimes against humanity, child pornography, drug trafficking and production, political corruption, copyright infringement, and white-collar crime. The agency also facilitates cooperation between national law enforcement agencies through criminal databases and communication networks. Contrary to popular belief, INTERPOL itself is not a law enforcement agency.
Annual contributions by members of the police forces
INTERPOL has an annual budget of about € 113 million (GBP £ 99 million) (US $ 131 million), which mostly comes from the annual contribution by members of the police forces in 181 countries. It is governed by the General Assembly, consisting of all member states, who elect the Executive Committee and the President to oversee the implementation of the policies and administration of INTERPOL. Daily operations carried out by the General Secretariat, consisting of approximately 1,000 personnel from more than 100 countries, including police and civilians. The Secretariat headed by the Secretary-General.
INTERPOL remains a politically neutral body as possible to fulfill its mandate; The Charter of INTERPOL bars from intervening with activities of a political, military, religious or racial nature or involve themselves in disputes over things like that. This body operates in four languages: Arabic, English, French, and Spanish
Cooperation principle
International police cooperation in the ICPO-INTERPOL is always done in accordance with the guiding principles listed below:
a) Respect for national sovereignty.
This cooperation is based on the actions of the police forces from different member countries who operate within the concerned national borders and in accordance with national law.
b) Enforcement of ordinary criminal law.
Organizing field activities are limited to crime prevention and law enforcement within the framework of a common crime. This is the only basis that there might be an agreement between all member states.
c) Universality
Each member country can cooperate with each other and cooperation should not be constrained by geographic or linguistic factors.
d) Equality of all Member States.
All member states are provided with the same services and have the same rights, regardless of the size of their financial contributions to the Organization.
e) Cooperation with other agencies
The cooperation extended through the National Central Bureau for each concerned government agency to combat ordinary crime.
f) The flexibility of working methods.
Although they are governed by principles of different countries they are designed to ensure regularity and continuity. Of course, The working methods are made flexible enough to take into account a variety of structures and situations in different countries.
Respecting these principles means that Interpol can not have a team of detectives with supranational power who can around investigate the case in many countries. International police cooperation should depend on the coordinated action on the part of the police force members, all of whom can provide or request information or services on different occasions.
Red Notice:
Red Notice: To locate and arrest people wanted for prosecution or to serve a sentence.
Who is subject to Red Notices?
The Red Notices are issued by the INTERPOL for fugitives who are wanted either for prosecution or to serve a sentence in prison. This follows the judicial process in this country issued a request. In fact, It is not necessarily the country of origin of individuals, but the country where the crimes were committed.
When a person sought for prosecution, they have not been convicted and should be considered innocent until proven guilty. Moreover, A person trying to serve the sentence means they have been found guilty by a court in the issuing country.
What checks will be done before the Red Notice is issued?
Every Red Notice request is checked by a special task force to ensure it is in accordance with our rules. These reviews take into account information available at the time of publication.
Whenever a piece of new and relevant information is brought to the attention of the General Secretariat after the Red Notice has been issued, the task force re-examines the case.
Will the individual be wanted by Interpol?
No, they are wanted by the state or an international court.
INTERPOL can not force law enforcement authorities in any country to arrest a person who is the subject of a Red Notice.
Each member state decides what legal value giving to the Red Notice and authorizes law enforcement officers to arrest her makeup.
Why does Notices Red matter?
Active Voice:
We use them to alert police in all our member states about international wanted fugitives. Police in other countries then watch for these fugitives and use a Red Notice to support the extradition process. The Red notices would help law enforcement agencies to bring fugitives to justice, sometimes many years after the original crime is done.
Yellow Notice:
Active Voice:
Interpol issues a Yellow Notice to help find and identify individuals. They primarily use it for missing persons, often minors, or people who cannot identify themselves. This notice helps law enforcement quickly find and recognize these individuals. It reunites missing persons with their families. Of course, it ensures people who cannot identify themselves receive necessary assistance and support. Yellow Notices are crucial for protecting vulnerable individuals and maintaining public safety.
How a Yellow Notice was published?
In one of our member states, the police initiate a request for Notification Yellow. They transmit essential case information through their National Central Bureau. Subsequently, the General Secretariat publishes this notification in our database. This action serves to alert the law enforcement agencies in all member states.
Why Yellow Notice is important?
- It gives high international visibility to the case
- Kidnapped/missing persons marked with border officials, made a difficult journey
- The state can ask for and share important information relating to the investigation.
Can I see a Yellow Notice?
While law enforcement restricts some of our Yellow Notices to their use only, the public can access many of them. Find Yellow Notice.
How do I report someone missing?
If you wish to report someone missing, contact the local law enforcement authorities. Meanwhile, They will associate with the National Central Bureau of Interpol, if appropriate.
I have some information about the Yellow Notice
If you have information that can help find or identify people missing on this website, please contact the local police authorities and the INTERPOL General Secretariat as soon as possible with details.
Blue Notice
Blue Notice: To gather additional information about a person’s identity, his/her location, and other activities related to crime.
Black Notice
Black Notice: To seek information about unidentified bodies.
Green Notice:
Green Notice: Firstly, It is a notice to give a warning about the criminal activities of a person. Here the person may be a possible threat to public safety.
Orange Notice:
Orange Notice: Firstly, It is to warn an event, any person, any object, or a process. In fact, It warns those would represent a serious and immediate threat to public safety.
Purple Notice:
Purple Notice: To ask or provide information about the objects or devices or methods used by criminals in their criminal activity.
INTERPOL-UN Security Council Special Notice:
INTERPOL and the UN Security Council issue Special Notices to target groups and individuals. Finally, The UN Security Council Sanctions Committee targets these specific individuals and groups.
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